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Ta có:\(a+b+c\ne0\)vì nếu \(a+b+c=0\)thế vào giả thiết ta có:

\(\frac{a}{-a}+\frac{b}{-b}+\frac{c}{-c}=1\Leftrightarrow-3=1\)(vô lí)

Khi \(a+b+c\ne0\)ta có:

\(\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right).\left(a+b+c\right)=a+b+c\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{a.\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}+\frac{b.\left(c+a\right)}{c+a}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c.\left(a+b\right)}{a+b}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}=a+b+c\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}+a+b+c=a+b+c\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}=0\)\(\Rightarrow P=0\)

Học tốt 

\(P=\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\)
\(< =>P=a\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+1-1\right)+b\left(\frac{b}{a+c}+1-1\right)+c\left(\frac{c}{a+b}+1-1\right)\)
\(< =>P=a\left(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c}-1\right)+b \left(\frac{a+b+c}{a+c}-1\right)+c\left(\frac{a+b+c}{a+b}-1\right)\)
\(< =>P=\frac{a\left(a+b+c\right)}{b+c}+\frac{b\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+c}+\frac{c\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b}-\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(< = >P=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)-\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(< =>P=a+b+c-a-b-c=0\)

Xét \(A=\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\)

\(=a.\frac{a}{b+c}+b.\frac{b}{c+a}+c.\frac{c}{a+b}\)

\(=a.\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+1-1\right)+b.\left(\frac{b}{c+a}+1-1\right)+c.\left(\frac{c}{a+b}+1-1\right)\)

\(=a.\frac{a+b+c}{b+c}-a+b.\frac{a+b+c}{c+a}-b+c.\frac{a+b+c}{a+b}-c\)

\(=\left(a+b+c\right).\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)-\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(=\left(a+b+c\right).2020-\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{A}{a+b+c}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right).2019}{a+b+c}=2019\)

Vậy...

Với \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\Rightarrow P=2019\)

Ta sẽ chứng minh \(P=2019\) là GTNN của \(P\)

Thật vậy \(2018\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\right)+\frac{1}{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge2019\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2018\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}-1\right)+\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}-1\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2018\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}-\left(a+b+c\right)\right)+\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2-3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2018\left(\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{b}+\frac{\left(b-c\right)^2}{c}+\frac{\left(c-a\right)^2}{a}\right)-\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2}{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge0\)

\(\LeftrightarrowΣ_{cyc}\left(\left(a-b\right)^2\left(\frac{2018}{b}-\frac{1}{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\right)\right)\ge0\) *Luôn đúng*